Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor: A Case Series with Literature Review

Introduction: Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) is a rare thyroid neoplasm originating from follicular cells and poses diagnostic challenges due to its cytologic and histologic overlap with other thyroid malignancies. This study aims to present the clinical features and management of HTT cases treated at a single center.Methods: This was a single-center retrospective case series. The patients were included from January 2019 to November 2024.

Data collection took place over one month, from November 15, 2024, to December 15, 2024. The study included patients with HTT whose diagnoses were confirmed histopathologically.Results: The case series included 11 patients, predominantly female, 10 (90.9%), with a mean age of 50.7±19.01 years. The most common presenting symptom was anterior neck swelling, recorded in 5 (45.5%), while one case (9.1%) was discovered incidentally.

Hyperthyroidism was present in 6 (54.5%). The tumors were distributed within the thyroid gland as follows: left lobe in 5 (45.5%) cases, right lobe in 4 (36.4%) cases, and isthmus in 2 (18.1%) cases. Total thyroidectomy was performed in 7 patients (63.6%), with tumor sizes ranging from 0.5 to 5.5 cm and a mean diameter of 2.6±2.05 cm.

All diagnoses were confirmed postoperatively through histopathological examination.Conclusion: A rare benign tumor, HTT remains challenging to diagnose accurately. Both total thyroidectomy and lobectomy may result in good outcomes.